高中学生仅仅有想学的念头是不够的，还必须“会学”。要讲究科学的学习策略和方法，以此提高学习效率，变被动学习为主动学习．针对学生学习中出现的上述情况，为大家准备了高二英语语法重要知识点~
高二英语语法重要知识点：过去分词做定语表语
1.English is a widely used language.
2.He threw away the broken cup.
3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.
4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.
单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。
spoken English
= English which is spoken
terrified people
= the people who are terrified
an organized way
= a way that is organized
affected area 灾区
= the area which is affected
stolen culture relics
= culture relics that had been stolen
the book recommended by the teacher
= the book which was recommended by the teacher
printed articles
= articles that are printed
1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 定语
2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. 定语
3) He got interested in the two theories. 表语
4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood 表语
Past Participle as the Attribute定语 Past Participle as the Predicative表语
1.terrified people1.people who are terrified
2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserved
3.polluted water3.water that is polluted
4.a crowded room4.a room that is crowded
5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleased
6. Astonished children6.children who look astonished
7.a broken vase 7.a vase that is broken
8.a closed door8.a door that is closed
9.the tired audience9.the audience who feel tired
10.a trapped animal10.an animal that is trapped
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
= There are many leaves which had fallen on the ground. (地上有许多落叶)
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.
= Some of them , who had been born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.
(他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京)
及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。
polluted water
= water which is polluted
reserved seats
= the seats which were reserved
trapped animal
= the animal which was trapped
不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。
boiled water
= water which has boiled
fallen leaves
= the leaves which have fallen
risen sun
= the sun which has risen
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。
The books, written by Guo Jingming, are very popular with teenagers. 这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.
The book _written by the farmer (一本农民写的书) is very popular.
The building built last year (去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.
The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday (在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve.
The window broken by that naughty boy被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired.
The children examined in the hospital yesterday昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.
The people exposed to the sun (暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt.
The boy punished severely by the teacher (受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student.
The water delivered to his home (送到他家的水) carried disease.
The English today is quite different from the English spoken in the past 300 years (300年前所说的).
Most of the artists invited to the party (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.
The students inspired by the teacher (受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.
The Olympic Games, __A_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.
A. first played B. to be first played
C. first playing D. to be first playing
①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。
②现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。
③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。
first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.
Consolidation 巩固
1. Prices of daily goods ____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought B. bought
C. been bought D. buying
2. With a lot of different problems ____,
the newly-elected president is having
a hard time.
A. settled B. settling
C. to settle D. being settled
3. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known
C. to be known D. known
4. When I got back, I saw a message ____ to the door____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. pin, read B. pinning, reading
C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read
2)作表语 表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。
The window is broken. 窗户碎了。
Don’t get so excited. 别这么激动。
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。
2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。
① The glass is broken.
The glass was broken by Tom.
② The windows are closed.
The windows are closed by Jack.
3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,
surprised, excited, frightened, shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed, drunk, devoted, lost, known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。
① How did the audience receive the new play?
They got very excited.
② How did Bob do in the exams this time?
Well, his father seems pleased with his results.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
作表语练习：
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.
1. The rooms are ____, so you can’t move in.
A. painted B. painting
C. being painted D. to be painted
2. As soon as he entered the city, he ____.
A. was losing B. got losing
C. grew lost D. got lost
3. What he has done is really ____.Now his parents
are _____ him.
A. disappointing; disappointed at
B. disappointing; disappointed about
C. disappointing; disappointed with
D. disappointed; disappointing by
现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别
现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义.
现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或完成.
a moving movie 感人的电影
a moved audience 被感动的观众
boiling water 正在烧(煮沸)的水
boiled water 已煮沸的水
developing countries 反展中国家
developed countries 发达国家
falling leaves 落叶(正在进行)
fallen leaves 落叶(已经完成)
The child standing over there is my brother.
The room facing south is our classroom.
The book written by Lu Xun is very good.
The road completed yesterday is leading to Tibet。
练好基本功是学好英语的必要条件，没有扎实的英语基础，就谈不上继续学习，更谈不上有所成就。要想基本功扎实，必须全神贯注地认真听讲，上好每一节课，提高课堂效率，脚踏实地、一步一个脚印地，做到以下“五到”：
一、“心到”。在课堂上应聚精会神，一刻也不能懈怠，大脑要始终处于积极状态，思维要活跃、思路要开阔，心随老师走，听懂每一句话，抓住每一个环节，理解每一个知识点，多联想、多思考，做到心领神会。
二、“手到”。学英语，一定要做课堂笔记。因为人的记忆力是有限的，人不可能都过目不忘，记忆本身就是不断与遗忘作斗争的过程。常言说，“好脑筋不如烂笔头”。老师讲的知识可能在课堂上记住了，可是过了一段时间，就会忘记，所以，做好笔记很有必要。英语知识也是一点点积累起来的，学到的每一个单词、词组以及句型结构，都记在笔记本上，甚至是书的空白处或字里行间，这对以后的复习巩固都是非常方便的。
三、“耳到”。在课堂上，认真听讲是十分必要的，不但要专心听老师对知识的讲解，而且要认真听老师说英语的语音、语调、重音、连读、失去爆破、断句等发音要领，以便培养自己纯正地道的英语口语。听见听懂老师传授的每一个知识点，在头脑里形成反馈以帮助记忆;理解领会老师提出的问题，以便迅速作答，对比同学对问题的回答，以加深对问题的理解而取别人之长补自己之短。
四、“眼到”。在认真听讲的同时，还要双眼紧随老师观察老师的动作、口形、表情、板书、绘图、教具展示等。大脑里形成的视觉信息和听觉信息相结合，印象就会更加深刻。
五、“口到”。学习语言，不张嘴不动口是学不好的，同学们最大的毛病是读书不出声，害羞不敢张嘴。尤其是早读课，同学们只是用眼看或默读，这样就只有视觉信息，而没有听觉信息在大脑里的反馈，当然记忆也不会太深刻，口部肌肉也得不到锻炼，也就很难练就一口纯正的英语。所以，要充分利用早晨头脑清醒的时间，大声朗读;课堂上要勇跃回答老师提问、积极参与同学间讨论和辩论，课下对不清楚的问题及时提出，要克服害羞心理，不耻下问。对学过的课文要多读、勤读、苦读，可以跟录音机读，竭力模仿其语音语调以纠正发音，要读得抑扬顿挫朗朗上口，一些精典文章最好能背得滚爪烂熟。利用一切可能的机会，练习英语口语，比如，与外教交流、参加“英语角”活动、与同学进行对话、讲英语故事、唱英文歌曲、演英语短剧、进行诗歌朗诵等。除了对课本中的范文要细读精读之外，还要多看些适合我们中学生的课外读物，既可增长知识，又开阔了我们的视野，也提高了我们的阅读水平。
想要更好的学习首先要做的就是理解运用课本中的知识，因此为同学们整理了高二英语语法重要知识点，希望大家可以更快更好的提高成绩，相关内容【高二英语知识点】栏目!
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